PNAS Citation Guide: References ko sahi dhang se kaise format karein (Udaharanon ke saath)
Apne sandarbh PNAS ke liye format kar rahe hain? Yahi hai jo aapko citation galtiyon se bachne ke liye karna chahiye!
PNAS citation style Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) journal mein upayog hone wala aadhikarik sandarbh format hai. Yeh vaigyanik anusandhan mein spashtata, vistaar aur uchit lekhkan sunishchit karta hai. APA ya MLA ke vipreet, PNAS ek numbered citation system ka anusaran karta hai jahan srot prakashik aadesh mein darj kiye jate hain, vivarmik roop se nahi.
PNAS ko samarpit vaigyanik ko sahi citation format ka anusaran karna awashyak hai prakatan ke maapdandon ko poora karne aur virooparipta ko banaye rakhne ke liye. Yeh maargdarshika tod kar dikhayega sandarbh ko sahi roop se kaise format karein, kaunse pramukh niyam follow karein, aur aam galtiyon se kaise bachen taaki aap vishwas ke saath cite kar sakein!
PNAS Citation Style ka Saamaanya Drishtikon
PNAS citation style Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) ke liye aadhikarik sandarbh format hai, jo vaise vaigyanik patrikao mein se ek hai jo aadarsh hai. Yeh spashtata aur vistaar ke liye tatha ek numbered citation system ka anusaran karta hai, arthaat sandarbh tekshya mein aadesh ke anusaar list kie jate hain, vyavsthit krama mein nahi.
Yeh style vaigyanik anusandhan mein vyapak roop se upayog hoti hai aur vibhinn srot prakaron ke liye nirdisht sandarbh niyam hain, jinmein journal lekh, kitabein, aur websites shaamil hain. Uchit lekhkan shaikshanik eeradi aur prakatan anumodan ke liye mahatvapurn hai, vaigyanik anusandhan ko vishvasniya, sanvargik aur visheshagya roop se prastut karne ke liye.
PNAS Sandarbh ke Liye Saamaanya Nirdeshikaein
PNAS ek saankhyikiya sandarbh system ka paalan karta hai, arthaat srots prakat hone ke krama mein cite kiye jate hain na ki vivarmik krama mein. Dastavez ke ant mein aayoi sandarbh soochi aadesh ko mel khane anusar hai. Uchit format se spashtata, vistaar aur PNAS prakatan maapdandon ke anusaran ka ashwasan hota hai.
In-Text Citations
PNAS uposhish numbers ka upayog karta hai in-text citations ke liye, jo ki pustkalay mein saankhyikiya sandarbh ke saath anukram mein hote hain. Ye numbers viram chinh ke baad aate hain aur kai srot cite karte samay chadhe krama mein darj kiye jate hain.
Udaaharan:
Anusandhan ne dikhaya hai ki X aur Y ke beech ek majboot sambandh hai¹.
Kai adhyaay²,³ is khoj ki pushti karte hain.
Reference List Formatting
Reference suchi ko saankhyikiya aakaar mein prakat hone ke krama anusar vyavsthit kiya jata hai. Har entry mein ek sanrachnaatmak format hota hai, jaise lekhak naam, varsh, patrika sheershak (sankshep mein), sankhya, aur prishthon ki sankhya.
Udaaharan (Journal Article):
Smith AB, Doe J (2022) J Biol Chem 297: 1345–1356.
Sandarbh format mein sthirta paathaniyata ke liye mahatvapurn hai aur PNAS maapdandon ke paalan ke liye bhi.
Vibhinn Prakaron ke Srot Kaise Format Karein
Vibhinn prakaron ke srot ke liye PNAS citations mein nirdisht format ki avashyakta hoti hai. Neeche aam sroton ke liye sahi formats diye gaye hain, saath hi kuch mahatvapurn vishay bhi diye gaye hain.
Journal Articles
Journal patrika ke liye PNAS citation mein lekhak naam, varsh, patrika sankshep, sankhya, aur prishthon ki sankhya ki avashyakta hoti hai. Sthaayi roop se patrika sankshep ka upayog karein taki aam bhootiya.
Udaaharan:
Smith AB, Doe J (2022) J Biol Chem 297:1345–1356.
Uchit format ke bina, sandarbh vishvasniyata kho sakte hain—isse ek naksha ke ek pragalbha ko galat darshak ke roop mein chinhit karne ki tarah sochiye aur apeksha karen ki yatrai apne raah mil jayenge.
Books and Book Chapters
Purn pustak ki koty mein seeti karna ek sanpeedit pustak mein adhyay se alag hota hai:
Pustakein lekhak ka naam, pustak ka sheershak, prakashak aur sthaan darj karti hai.
Pustak adhyay sampadak ka naam aur adhyay ki prishth seema shamil hona chahiye.
Pustak Udaaharan:
2. Johnson L (2019) Genetics in Modern Science. Springer, New York.
Pustak Adhyay Udaaharan:
3. Lee R (2020) Gene expression studies. In: Brown T (ed), Advances in Molecular Biology, pp 45–67. Elsevier, London.
Websites
Online srot ke liye, shaamil karein lekhak (agar upalabdh ho), sheershak, prakashan tithi, aur URL. Yadi content lagataar updated hoti hai, prapt dinank shamil karen.
Udaaharan:
4. World Health Organization (2021) Global health report. Available at: World Health Organization. Accessed March 10, 2023.
Pustakon ke viparit, web pages gaayab ho sakte hain—hamesha URLs ko sahihkaran karen aur yathasambhav permalinks ka upayog karen.
Reports
Reports, jo sarkari sansthaon, sanghathan, ya anusandhan sansthaon se aati hain, unmein shaamil honi chaahiye sanghathan ka naam, report ka sheershak, prakashan varsh, aur report sankhya (agar upalabdh ho).
Udaaharan:
5. National Research Council (2018) Climate change assessment. Report No. NRC-2018-14.
Theses and Dissertations
Shaikshanik thesomein lekhak ka naam, sheershak, vishwavidyalaya, aur poornata ka varsh shaamil hota hai.
Udaaharan:
6. Carter J (2017) The Impact of Renewable Energy on Urban Planning. PhD Dissertation, University of California.
Prakashit pustakon ke viparit, thesin aur dissertations sirf vishwavidyalaya ke abhilek shaalay mein upalabdh ho sakti hain, isliye site ko sahi tarike se darj karein jisse prapti asaan ho.
Newspaper Articles
Samachar patrika citation mein lekhak, lekh ki sheershak, samachar naam, aur prakashan tithi shamil hote hain. Yadi online prapt ki gayi hai, to URL pradan karein.
Chhapne ke liye Udaaharan:
7. Green T (2021) Advances in space exploration. New York Times, August 15, p. A3.
Online Udaaharan:
8. Patel M (2022) New discoveries in neuroscience. The Guardian. Available at: The Guardian.
Samachar patrikai pehli bar sunaayi gayi khabarein pradaan karti hain, lekin ve apne kahaniyon mein lagaatar sanshodhan karti rahti hain—aapne jis version ko prapt kiya ussi ko sahi roop se darj karein.
Aam Galtiyon se Bachen
PNAS sandarbhon mein galtiyan format doosh apne saadhaaron me banne ki galeekinektei, ya anusanghi anusandhan ho sakti hain. Yahi hai kaise aap in aam kuch nahiikerna sudharenge nahi.
Galat Lekhak Listings
PNAS ke liye aavashyak lekhak ko darj karna vaise krama mein jisme ve maulik prakashan mein prakat hote hain, bina viramankhon ke saath pehle aur madhya naam ke liye prarambhik akshar prapt karaiye.
Galat:
Smith, John A., Doe, Jane B.
Sahi:
Smith JA, Doe JB
Sah-yog lekhak nahi ya asmaik format ko chit bhi skta hai cite riktna—itna kuch aapko aavashyak tha scientist donos advaaniirali se chakka dalta hain ki khoj hai in ami. Hamesha lekhak suchi ka dobaara jaachaav karein references final karne se pehle.
Galat Journal Titles
PNAS ko aadhikarik journal sankshep ki avashyakta hoti hai poore naam ke badle. Galat sankshep ka upayog references ko pehchaan mein kathin bana sakta hai.
Galat:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Sahi:
Proc Natl Acad Sci USA
Sahi sankshep ko paane ke liye, upayog karein National Library of Medicine (NLM) catalog ya journal ki aadhikarik website ko check karein.
Khoj Suchna ki Kami ya Galat DOI aur Page Numbers
DOIs (Digital Object Identifiers) aur prishth numbers sthayi kendirakaahin primary ashwasit hain, aur koi galii yeh avashyak dwiye ne cite kuch bhi yuhin घर upayog karne ke liye ansh-tantr soch samne haa galiyth niyam dvidh.
Galat:
Smith AB, Doe J (2022) J Biol Chem 297: Galat DOI ya prishth sankhya chhutta paayee.
Sahi:
Smith AB, Doe J (2022) J Biol Chem 297:1345–1356. doi:10.xxxx/jbc.2022.xxxx.
Hamesha DOIs ko CrossRef ke maadhyam se pramanit karein aur sahi praapti prishth sankhya ko maulik prakashan se milayein.
Vishwas ke Saath PNAS Citations ko Maaster Karein
Uchit PNAS citation format spashtata, virosa, aur patrika ke maapdandon ka paalan prastut karata hai. Sahih srojh samraachna ka upayog galtiyon ko ghatata hai aur undanosi ki botni oti uchitta w pustonni se adhishti tikcmash n banne me madad karte hain.
Tools jaise Jenni AI ke maadhyam se citation prakriya ko saral aur swadheen karne mein madad milti hai, jo references ka sahih format karna asaan bana deti hai. Aaj hi isse prapt karein apne anusandhan ko prasaran aur prakatan kaushal badhane ke liye!