Research mein upyog hone wale mukhya data ke prakar kya hain?

Research mein upayog kiye jaane wale mukhya data ke prakar aam taur par qualitative data aur quantitative data ke roop mein varnit kiye jaate hain, aur aap data ko srot ke adhaar par primary data aur secondary data ke roop mein bhi vargikrit kar sakte hain. Qualitative data shabdon ya chitrakon mein arth aur anubhavon se sambandhit hota hai, jabki quantitative data aankdon aur maapon se sambandhit hota hai. Primary data seedhe shodhakarta ke dwara ikhata kiya jaata hai, aur secondary data maujood sroton se aata hai.

Antaron ko spasht roop se dekhne ke liye, yahaan ek saral sameeksha hai:

Qualitative data tab upayogi hota hai jab aap kisi bhi cheez ko gehrai se samajhne ya anubhav karne ki kosis karte hain. Qualitative data par kaam karte hue shodhakarta aksar interviews, focus groups, ya field notes ka upayog karte hain, fir material ka vishleshan karne ke liye thematic analysis ya content analysis jaise methods ka upayog karte hain. Lakshya samruddh vivaran aur sandarbh ko pakadna hota hai na ki sab kuch ko sankhya tak simit karna.

Quantitative data tab upayogi hota hai jab aap variables ko naapna chahte hain aur patterns ki talash karte hain jo sankhya roopi roop mein sangrahit kiya ja sakta hai. Yeh prayog, band-to-band surveys, standard tests ya maujood sankhya roopi datasets shaamil ho sakte hain. Shodhakarta fir sambandhon, antar ya trends ka parikshan karne ke liye vivarnatmak sankhya vidhi aur anumanatmak test ka istemal karte hain.

Primary data aapko jankari ikhata karne par niyantran deta hai kyunki aap khud ke instruments aur procedures design karte hain. Yeh adhik samay lena aur mehenga ho sakta hai, parantu yeh aapko aapke vishisht shodh prashn ke liye data ko anukoolit karne ki anumati deta hai.

Secondary data ko prapt karna tezi se hota hai aur kabhi-kabhi bahut bade samples ya lambe samayavadhi ko cover karta hai jo akele ikhata karna kathin hota, parantu aap aaramik adhyayan mein kiye gaye faislon tak simit rahte hain.

Bahut shodh pariyojnaon mein, vishesh roop se unch star par, aap in types ka mishran kaam mein lete hain. Udaharan ke liye, aap ek survey ke madhyam se primary quantitative data ikhata kar sakte hain aur fir aapke parinam ko prakashit adhyayanon se secondary data ke saath tulna kar sakte hain, ya aap qualitative interviews ko maujood sankhya roopi reports ke saath mila sakte hain. Sabse acha mishran aapke shodh prashn, aapki vidhi aur kis tarah ke saboot aapko chahiye is par adharit hoti hain.

Is prakar, research mein upayog kiye jaane wale mukhya data ko roop se qualitative ya quantitative aur srot se primary ya secondary ke roop mein (vargikrat kar sakte hain), aur adhikansh pariyojnaen apne saboot aadharit karke ek aisa mishran chunti hain jo adhik samajme aata hai is prashn ka adhayan karte samay.