Naya England Patrika of Medicine Citation Guide: Kadam-dar-kadam Format Tips
Medical citations ke saath sangharsh karna band karein. Har baar sahi tareeke se cite karna seekhein!
Medical writing mein sources ko sahi se cite karna anivarya hai, aur NEJM apni khud ki citation style ka upayog karta hai jo Vancouver system par aadharit hai. Yeh guide spasht roop se dikhaata hai New England Journal of Medicine ke liye citations ko kaise format karein, jo healthcare field ke sabse respected journals mein se ek hai.
Hum sab kuch cover karenge, in-text citation rules, reference list formatting, journal abbreviations, aur wo tools jo is prakriya ko asaan banate hain. Chaahe aap NEJM mein submit karne ka aim kar rahe ho ya sirf apne kaam mein sahi aur professionalism ko sunishchit karna chahate hain, yeh guide aapke citations ko sharp aur compliant rakhega.
NEJM Citation Style ka Overview
New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) Vancouver citation style ka anukaran karta hai, jaisa ki International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) dvara outline kiya gaya hai. Iska matlab hai ki saare sources ko ek numbered system ka upayog karke cite kiya jaata hai, jisme references unke pehli baar text mein zikr hone ke order mein appear hote hain.
Author-date formats ke viprit, NEJM superscript numbers ka upayog karta hai sources ko refer karne ke liye, jo dense scientific writing mein flow aur clarity ko banaye rakhta hai. Yeh system khaaskar medical aur clinical research mein mahtvapurn hai, jahaan sahi referencing evidence-based conclusions aur academic integrity ko support karti hai.
In-Text Citations
NEJM ek sequential numeric citation format ka upayog karta hai, iska matlab pehla source jo aap apne paper mein cite karte hain woh ¹ number se sawal hota hai, aur woh number aapke reference mein poora samaanta banaye rakhta hai.
Superscripts comma aur periods jaise punctuation marks ke bahar rakhne chahiye.
Agar aap ek hi vaakya mein anek sources ko cite kar rahe hain, toh unhe commas (e.g., ²,³) se alag karein ya ek range ke liye hyphen ka upayog karein (e.g., ⁴–⁶).
Agar aap same source ko again cite karte hain, toh uske original darshak ke jaisa same number ka upayog karein.
Examples:
Recent studies sujhaav dete hain ki yeh inflammation ko kam kar sakta hai.¹
Kai trials²–⁴ consistent results dikhate hain.
Smith et al. ke anusar,⁵ khojant aakhri hai.
Reference List Formatting
NEJM style mein reference list manuscript ke end mein dikhai jati hai aur yeh pehle citation ke order ka anukaran karti hai—not alphabetical order ka.
Pratyek pravesh in formatting rules ka anukaran karein:
Authors: Last name ke baad initials (koi periods nahi). Sabhi authors ko list karein agar chhe ya kam hain; agar adhik hain, toh pehle teen list karein phir “et al.” ka upayog karein.
Article title: Sentence case ka upayog karein (sirf pehla shabd aur proper nouns ko capital karein).
Journal title: Abbreviated journal naam ka upayog karein (Index Medicus par aadharit).
Publication details: Varsh, volume number, aur page range shamil karein.
Example:
Ginsburg GS, Willard HF. Genomic aur personalized medicine: foundations aur applications. Trans Am Clin Climatol Assoc. 2009;120:43–53.
Abbreviations aur Formatting Details
NEJM citation style mein, journal titles ko NLM (National Library of Medicine) abbreviations ka upayog karte hue hi abbreviation kiya jaana chahiye. Yeh NLM Catalog ke madhyam se paaye ja sakte hain aur yeh bilkul match hone chahiye, punctuation shamil hai.
Journal Articles
Standard abbreviation ka upayog karein journal title ke liye
Varsh, volume number, aur poora page range ko shamil karein
Koi article title italics ya quotation marks nahi
Agar available ho, DOI shamil karein
Example:
Fauci AS. Emerging aur re-emerging infectious diseases: perpetual challenge. Acad Med. 2005;80(12):1079–1085. doi:10.1097/00001888-200512000-00002
Books
Author(s), book title in sentence case, edition (agar pehla nahi), prakashan sthal, prakashak, aur varsh list karein
Example:
2. Murray PR, Rosenthal KS. Medical Microbiology. 8th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2016.
Book Chapters
Chapter author, chapter title, editors, book title, edition, prakashan sthaan, prakashak, varsh, aur page range ko shamil karein
Example:
3. Katzung BG. Introduction to pharmacology. In: Katzung BG, ed. Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. 14th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Education; 2018:1–12.
Online Sources
Agar available ho, author shamil karein, title, website name, prakashan ya update tareekh, aur URL access date ke saath
Example:
4. World Health Organization. COVID-19 dashboard. WHO. Published 2023. Accessed August 15, 2023. https://covid19.who.int/
Additional Resources
NEJM mein submit karne wale researchers aur medical field mein kaam karne wale, yeh resources aapke citations ko professional standards ke anusar bana sakte hain aur writing prakriya ke dauran aapka samay bacha sakte hain.
ICMJE Recommendations
International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) NEJM ke citation style ke liye standard set karta hai. Unke guidelines kai medical aur health science journals ki backbone hain.
Aapko specific instructions milenge:
Author formatting
Reference order aur structure
Abbreviations aur publication details
Aap ICMJE official site par full citation guidelines dekh sakte hain.
NEJM Author Center
NEJM Author Center submission-specific formatting instructions pradan karta hai. Ismein shamil hai:
Preferred citation style
Preprints aur datasets ka referencing
In-text citation aur reference lists ke liye guidelines
NEJM ke liye likh rahe writers ko hamesha is official source ke saath apne formatting ko cross-check karna chahiye.
Citation Management Tools
Tools jaise ki EndNote, Zotero, aur Mendeley asaan banate hain:
Databases se references import karna
Citations ko NEJM style mein automatically format karna
Anye projects ke beech references ko organized rakhna
Yeh tools manual formatting ke ghante bacha sakte hain aur citation errors se bacha sakte hain—vishesh roop se jab aap kai references manage karte ho.
Sahi Tools ke saath Citation ko Effortless Banaye
NEJM citation style ka palan karna clarity aur credibility ko medical writing mein banaye rakhne ka mool hai. Superscript numbers ko sahi tariqe se place karna se lekar ek consistent reference list ko format karna, har virodh maayne rakhta hai.
Ek smoother writing anubhav ke liye, Jenni AI ko karke dekhein. Yeh aapko organized rehne, samay bachane, aur aapke citations ko clean aur compliant banaye rakhne mein madad kar sakta hai!